India is playing a crucial role in development of neem
as pesticide in agriculture and pest control industry.
as pesticide in agriculture and pest control industry.
Neem in India is used for many purposes
Veterinary medicine
Unani medicine
Cosmetics
Malaria control
- public health
- public health
CROP PROTECTION AGENT
Nitrogen efficiency
Agro-forestry
Silviculture
Ayurvedic medicine
Ancient medicine
Agriculture
Modren medicine
Antifertility and other medical application
Flower Morphology
Flowering in neem is spread over January to May depending on the latitude. Restricted
flowering of neem is reported in August-September in certain parts of Uttar Pradesh
Guhabakshi reports occasional flowering of neem throughout the year in West Bengal. The
floral parts arise acropetally. The inflorescence is a long and slender, axillary or terminal
panicle with abundant flowers. The flowers are white or pale-yellow with a characteristic
sweet aroma. They are small, bisexual, pentamerous and bracteate. The bracts are minute
and deciduous. The calyx consists of 3 to 5 free sepals. They are imbricate of valvate,
rounded and thin. Corolla has 5 petals which are oblong, widely spreading and spatulate.
Petals show imbricate or quincuncial aestivation. Unicellular epidermal papillae occur on the
inner side of the petals.
Flowering in neem is spread over January to May depending on the latitude. Restricted
flowering of neem is reported in August-September in certain parts of Uttar Pradesh
Guhabakshi reports occasional flowering of neem throughout the year in West Bengal. The
floral parts arise acropetally. The inflorescence is a long and slender, axillary or terminal
panicle with abundant flowers. The flowers are white or pale-yellow with a characteristic
sweet aroma. They are small, bisexual, pentamerous and bracteate. The bracts are minute
and deciduous. The calyx consists of 3 to 5 free sepals. They are imbricate of valvate,
rounded and thin. Corolla has 5 petals which are oblong, widely spreading and spatulate.
Petals show imbricate or quincuncial aestivation. Unicellular epidermal papillae occur on the
inner side of the petals.
Stamens are 10, situated at the base of the
hypogynous disc which is annular and
nectariferous. The filaments of the stamens
unite to form a moniliform tube. It is smooth
outside and hairy inside. The staminal tube
is fluted and slightly dialated at the base and
apex. At the level of stigma the filaments
separate from the staminal tube. The outer
portion of the staminal tube is longer than the
anthers and it splits into 10 boat-shaped
no-vascular lobes situated behind each of
the anthers. These lobes are arranged in two
whorls of which five are antipetalous and the
other five antisepalous, corresponding with
the arrangement of anthers.
hypogynous disc which is annular and
nectariferous. The filaments of the stamens
unite to form a moniliform tube. It is smooth
outside and hairy inside. The staminal tube
is fluted and slightly dialated at the base and
apex. At the level of stigma the filaments
separate from the staminal tube. The outer
portion of the staminal tube is longer than the
anthers and it splits into 10 boat-shaped
no-vascular lobes situated behind each of
the anthers. These lobes are arranged in two
whorls of which five are antipetalous and the
other five antisepalous, corresponding with
the arrangement of anthers.
The vascular supply of the sepals is by a single whorl of traces. The petals receive their
supply from the vascular tissues of the receptacle. The petal traces leave gaps in the
receptacular vascular tissue and after entering the petal, branch to form seven to nine traces.
The staminal tube is supplied by ten traces and the ovary by carpellary ventrals and
carpellary dorsals.
supply from the vascular tissues of the receptacle. The petal traces leave gaps in the
receptacular vascular tissue and after entering the petal, branch to form seven to nine traces.
The staminal tube is supplied by ten traces and the ovary by carpellary ventrals and
carpellary dorsals.
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