Conclusions/General Consideration
Realizing the importance of neem tree in national, regional and international perspective, there is an
urgent need to locate, collect and study its diversity and develop effective measures to store it for
current and future use. Also there is a need to undertake ethnobotancial studies, to link its various
uses with ethnic/folk-lore remedies to assess how different tribes use neem in different areas of its
occurrence. There is a dire need to document this local knowledge, now vanishing rapidly. Also,
effective measures are required to document available diversity and bring out catalogued information
for wider dissemination and utilization of world’s genetic diversity in neem.
urgent need to locate, collect and study its diversity and develop effective measures to store it for
current and future use. Also there is a need to undertake ethnobotancial studies, to link its various
uses with ethnic/folk-lore remedies to assess how different tribes use neem in different areas of its
occurrence. There is a dire need to document this local knowledge, now vanishing rapidly. Also,
effective measures are required to document available diversity and bring out catalogued information
for wider dissemination and utilization of world’s genetic diversity in neem.
Considering the overall distributional range of neem and its related gene pools, the following points
need to be stressed:
need to be stressed:
More genetic variability is expected to occur in neem in its natural/wild distribution-range in the
Indo-Burmese region, Shivaliks eastwards. This diversity need to be assessed, including its
southward extension in drier parts of peninsular region and eastwards to upper Irrawady valley in
Myanmar.
Indo-Burmese region, Shivaliks eastwards. This diversity need to be assessed, including its
southward extension in drier parts of peninsular region and eastwards to upper Irrawady valley in
Myanmar.
Emphasis needs to be placed on both the species diversity and intraspecific variability prevalent in
natural range of Azadirachta indica which is widely distributed and A. indica var. siamensis, which is
more confined to Indo-China and Thailand (Cambodia, Laos and eastwards). In the region bordering
Myanmar and Indo-China, overlapping of taxonomically variable forms-vars, indica and siamensis
occurs. Ecogeographic survey and study of such regions may lead to identity of more variable types,
natural hybrids etc.
natural range of Azadirachta indica which is widely distributed and A. indica var. siamensis, which is
more confined to Indo-China and Thailand (Cambodia, Laos and eastwards). In the region bordering
Myanmar and Indo-China, overlapping of taxonomically variable forms-vars, indica and siamensis
occurs. Ecogeographic survey and study of such regions may lead to identity of more variable types,
natural hybrids etc.
The potential of introductions well acclimatized to diverse soil and climate as in Africa needs to be fully
assessed, for reintroduction and utilization of such diversity.
assessed, for reintroduction and utilization of such diversity.
Wild related gene pools of neem pertaining to Melia species need detailed biosystematic
assessment for use of potential genetic resource diversity, through biotechnology. Also survey of sites
where Melia and Azadirachta natural range overlaps as in Indo-Burmese tract and Indo-China in
Southeast Asia, is very much required.
assessment for use of potential genetic resource diversity, through biotechnology. Also survey of sites
where Melia and Azadirachta natural range overlaps as in Indo-Burmese tract and Indo-China in
Southeast Asia, is very much required.
Several Melia species posses dwarf habit: shrub-small tree size growth, low stem, well diversity, in
context of national and regional diversity that needs to be conserved and studied.
context of national and regional diversity that needs to be conserved and studied.
More research on basic problems, which have bearing on neem improvement and utilization need to
be carried out i.e. on seed viability, recalcitrant nature of seeds, seed storage, seed conservation in
gene banks.
be carried out i.e. on seed viability, recalcitrant nature of seeds, seed storage, seed conservation in
gene banks.
Genetic variability needs to be assessed keeping different utilization in view: in forestry for timer, bole
for windbreak, as shade tree for avenue etc; in rural sector, in farm, social forestry for fodder, fuel,
multi-purpose medicine, for its potential use. Widening of genetic base is obviously necessary for
selection for silvicultural management as forest plantation and for farm forestry measures. More
species diversity at intergeneric level also needs to be assessed for compounds processing
anti-feedant and/or insect growth regulating activity, New compounds related to azadirachtin, vilasinin,
nimbolide, nimbolinin and sendanin, respectively, have been isolated from Azadirachta indica, Melia
azedarach, Melia dubia and M.toosendan, collected from India, Sri Lanka and China respectively.
for windbreak, as shade tree for avenue etc; in rural sector, in farm, social forestry for fodder, fuel,
multi-purpose medicine, for its potential use. Widening of genetic base is obviously necessary for
selection for silvicultural management as forest plantation and for farm forestry measures. More
species diversity at intergeneric level also needs to be assessed for compounds processing
anti-feedant and/or insect growth regulating activity, New compounds related to azadirachtin, vilasinin,
nimbolide, nimbolinin and sendanin, respectively, have been isolated from Azadirachta indica, Melia
azedarach, Melia dubia and M.toosendan, collected from India, Sri Lanka and China respectively.
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